Coroner Story: Black Heelocopter

Sometimes how you get the call is an important part of the story. Sometimes, it’s who calls you, sometimes it why they thought you needed to be called, sometimes it why you weren’t called. All these little nuances to being a small town, rural county coroner fascinate me. So, when I picked up my phone on a warm fall afternoon and I got gruff old Ivan’s voice yelling into my ear, “Doc!?”, I didn’t expect this to be a coroner call.

“Yeah Ivan, what can I do for you?” He’s 85 years old, a crusty skin and bones old rancher in the east county. I see him maybe once a year as his doctor, less if he had his way. But the time I stuck him in the hospital with congestive failure and told him he wouldn’t make his 82nd birthday inspired him to come in annually after that, mainly to rub my nose in my errant prognosis.

I saw him more when his wife was dying. They cared for her at home right up to the end. She got demented and went fast, thank God. I’d met her three or four years earlier and while I was asking her about her family history, she looked me in the eye and told me a fractured but intelligible story of her brother, five years older, who’d gotten demented and died within a year.

“That old Alzheimer’s can really take you down,” she’d tsk’ed and shook her head. I nodded but silently disagreed. Alzheimer’s usually takes some one five years or more after the initial diagnosis. My mom had taken more than ten years. Usually, it’s plenty of time for families to flounder with personality changes, bed sores, diaper changes, nursing home costs and guilt. But Ivan’s Irene had just gotten pleasantly forgetful and died a year later. Her pattern, and her brothers made me fear I’d missed a diagnosis. None of this was on Ivan’s still sharp mind this fall Saturday afternoon.

“You still the coroner?” he yelled. His deafness made him yell. He was the deaf one, but he yelled to others out of politeness, I guess. “I know I voted for you once but maybe I missed something.”

“Yeah Ivan, I’m still the coroner. You fixing to die or something?”

“What?”

“How can I help you? Yes, I’m still the coroner.” That last part as loud as I could yell into the phone.

“Oh no, I’m not dead. At least I don’t think so.” He laughs. “Say, I got a dead guy for you.”

“Really?”

“Yup. Out on American Ridge. I was out looking to bring in some cows and found him.”

“You call the sheriff?”

“No. Should I? I don’t think he needs arresting, he’s dead.”

“Where are you now?”

“I’m back at the house. But he’s up on the ridge like I said.”

“OK Ivan. I’m going to call the sheriff’s office then we’ll come out to your house, and you can show us this guy.”

“When’ll it be?”

“Maybe an hour. Why?”

“I was gonna get something to eat.”

“You go right ahead. See you soon.”

I hadn’t wanted to suss out details, yelling into the phone and his hard of hearing. I knew Ivan was a solid guy and wouldn’t be calling me about some pile of deer bones or an old flannel jacket on a log. So, I called the sheriff’s office. I think this was the first and only time I ever called them about a dead body. They usually called me. But it can go all sorts of ways. One time the funeral home called the local police about a coroner case. An old guy had driven his ’63 Chevy truck into the funeral home parking lot, taped a note to the driver side window and shot himself behind the wheel. He was trying to save us all the hassle. But we all got rousted out anyway and then had to call to get his bloody truck towed away.

I got to Ivan’s house after the deputy. They have radios. The deputy and Ivan were up on the front porch. Though sunny, there was a fall chill and a westerly breeze that suggested rain. Hunting season was full bore, so my hunch was this body was a lost hunter. But usually Search and Rescue hears about such a thing before the guy’s feet get cold. He doesn’t come back to camp and the word goes out. Still, some guys go out by themselves, break a leg, who knows.

I climb the porch steps. “Hello Ivan. Hello Brandon.”

Ivan smiles. Brandon grins. “Did you take a wrong turn doc?” He knows I’m famous for getting lost on the county roads.

“No, I just had to put the tools away. I’m mudding some sheet rock.”

“Oh yeah. Don’t want that shit to dry on the tools.” He’s being familiar but I doubt he’s ever remodeled or fixed up even his single wide.

“So, what have we got?”

“Ivan here says it’s a plane wreck.”

“Really?” I’m surprised. I felt bad for not asking more over the phone. But in person is best with this old guy. I made him come in once a year at least for his medicine refills, though he only took one or two pills, way below average. He took great glee showing me he had beat my prognosis. I had to go over him pretty good, since he minimized everything. The 2-centimeter skin cancer on his right shoulder I’d found under the Carhart jacket, wool shirt and long underwear.

“Oh, that.” He’d said when I asked him about it. Plane wreck? Small potatoes, I guess.

Ivan was retelling Brandon about how he’d noticed all the broken trees across the canyon. I could figure this was a retelling since Brandon rolled his eyes at me. Somebody had to cut him off; we’re losing daylight.

“So, Ivan, can you get us to this wreck? I wore my boots. How far is it?”

He puckered to an expression of thought. “Well, what rig we gonna take?”

“Which one did you take?” I yell at Ivan.

Brandon interrupted. “You get the twenty doc. I’m gonna tell dispatch about the plane wreck thing.” He went to his rig and the radio.

Ivan’s grinning at me about his answer. “Well, doc, I was on Sadie.” He looked at me intently and waited.

“Who’s Sadie?” You gotta let them tell the joke.

“She’s my old mare!” He slaps his thigh.

Old brittle 85-year-old on horseback with congestive failure rubbing my doctor nose in it.

“So how can I get there?”

“You driving that thing?” He nods at my rusty old Toyota two-wheel drive pickup.

“I drove it here. We need four-wheel?”

“It’s a bit muddy past the gate.”

“We’ll take the deputy’s rig. It’s got four-wheel.”

Brandon said no one knew of any plane wrecks but dispatch was going to check with the FAA. We all got into the deputy’s Ford Explorer. I got to sit in the back where the doors don’t open from the inside, so Ivan managed the gates. They were his anyway.

It was about three in the afternoon now and it would be getting dark by 5:30 or 6. At least it wasn’t raining yet or snowing. We passed three wire gates then we get into broken timber. Ivan was telling Brandon how he’d come at it a different way on horseback so he’s not sure we can see it here from the dirt track. “Hell, Sadie saw it first!” he yells. “I’m looking for cows and she keeps staring off at the far ridge, so’s I think she’s seeing some there, but that’s when I saw the broken trees and the plane.”

“Did you go up to it?” Brandon asks.

“Naw, but I could see something in the pilot’s seat with the glasses. He’s dead.”

After twenty minutes and maybe five miles Ivan suggests we stop. By the rig he offers, “Just climb up this ridge and head south a bit.” He’s gesturing with gnarled hands and stiff shoulders. “We was up on this ridge I think when we seen it.” He twists back. “I could show you but I’m not too good in this downfall.” Another gimped up gesture and I’m looking for a path.

“If you’re staying here, I’ll leave the keys with you if you need to warm up.” Brandon handed the old man the keys.

We clambered over logs and through brush. I didn’t sense any ridge nor even magnetic direction. After thirty minutes we agreed to go back and get Ivan. “I seen you were dropping down too soon” he grinned.

There were the usual jokes about if anybody got hurt at least we had a doctor. And if it really went to shit, we had the coroner. I’ve heard them too many times. Ivan was remarkably agile, though slow and I’m thinking of daylight. He followed game trails and stayed with the grade until we came to a clearing.

“You might be able to see some broken trees from here off that a way.” He gestured again. Both Brandon and I looked off. It was a quarter mile or so below us still. The thing that got my attention was the fine white dusting across a couple hundred yards before the broken trees and white fuselage shined at us.

“Think it was a crop duster?” Brandon asks.

“Nope,” I say. “They don’t spray white powder.”

“OK Ivan, we can see it. Do you think you can get back up to the rig?”

“I think I better stay with you guys. You got pretty fouled up last time I sent you off. It ain’t far.”

We dipped back down into the timber following the old man. There was a temptation, like when you shoot a deer, to head off full bore to where you think it’s down. But long ago I learned that temptation is to be avoided. Slow and steady got Ivan to 85. By the looks of it he’ll make 90 at this rate.

The white powder I saw contrasting the dark needles wasn’t visible on the ground, but I warned Brandon. “Don’t touch the ground and put your fingers in your mouth. You won’t be passing any drug screens the sheriff puts you through.”

“Is it OK to breathe?” He chuckles.

“Only through your nose.”

The wreckage was mostly intact though both wings had sheared, and the fuselage buckled. We could see it was a twin-engine prop, no numbers on it. Ivan had stopped and was looking back. “I think I spotted her from up over there.” He gestures back toward a clearing across the canyon a couple hundred yards up and over; always orienting. “I could see the guy in the pilot’s seat. He’s dead. That’s why I called you.” He reminds us.

Brandon was ahead of us downhill looking into the tilted cabin, past the bent and split open fuselage. There were lots of wrapped bricks and white powder back here. He hustled up the slope a little breathless. “I gotta call this in. They’re gonna want to know about this. I’ll head back to my radio in the rig. Hope I can raise them here. If I can’t I’ll drive out a ways. You guys gonna be OK? I’ll be right back.” He was panting.

“Sure.”

“Take your time.” Ivan advised. “We’ll be fine.”

Brandon scoots up the sidehill back toward the Explorer. I walk down toward the cockpit. Ivan follows. It’s pretty quiet here in this canyon, no wind, but I can see it’s getting gray. We have another couple hours of light I figure.

The windows are all broken out and I can step into the tilted plane pretty easily with the left side torn open. Ivan was right, the pilot was very dead, not days, just pale and stiff. But it’s been cool, and this is a north slope, so maybe a couple days. No animals had gotten to him. There’s blood out both ears and the head is tilted at a funny angle.

I spook when “What do you think killed him doc?” is yelled in my ear. Ivan is all serious and frowning.

“Jesus, Ivan.” I want to tell him to soften his voice here in the presence of the dead, but I know it’s no use. “I think he died in a plane wreck.”

Ivan’s laughter is loud, and he laughs too long; my skin crawls a bit, I don’t know why. He gets serious and asks me intently, wanting to know. “No, I mean doc, did he bleed to death? I see some blood but not that much.”

“Oh, Ivan, it’s hard to tell. Here let me check.” I reach in and twist his head a bit and feel some grating bones. “Yeah, I think his neck is broken.” The yelling I have to do makes this almost obscene.

“But is that what killed him? People survive…” he trailed off as I turned my back to him. I wanted to get some identification. There were satchels that looked like luggage on the cabin floor and more stacked up where the copilot’s seat would have been. I zipped open a small one behind the pilot’s seat. There on top of rumpled clothes were three passports, one Columbian, one Mexican, one Peruvian. Miguel Sandoval was on the Mexican, Manuel Salinas was on the Peruvian and Miguel Santoro was on the Columbian. There were three other satchels jumbled next to him. I unzipped one. Bundles of US currency were neatly stacked and wrapped, some fifties, some twenties, some hundreds.

I jumped again when Ivan said, quieter this time, “Don’t know as I’d called you guys if I’d a known all that was there.”

Brandon got back in about a half hour. He looked troubled. “We’ll stay put ‘til they get here. Won’t be long.” For some reason I didn’t ask who. “Why don’t you take Ivan back up to the rig so he don’t have to scramble around if it gets dark.”

Ivan and I made the slow walk back to the Explorer, then I headed back down and across the slope, a little faster on my own.

When the big black helicopter came over just before dark and all the paramilitary dark suited guys came down the slope, I knew it wasn’t our sheriff’s department. A short man approached us with his combat weapon by his side as the others fanned out and disappeared in the gloom. He had night vision goggles up on his helmet, black clothes, black gloves and a smile. He didn’t offer his hand. He spoke to Brandon. “OK, we got it. You can take off.”

Brandon nodded and softly gestured to me as he turned up the slope. “Hey,” was my simple objection and the short man turned toward me.

“Who are you?” he shot at me.

“I’m the county coroner.”

His smirk didn’t feel so good. “You can go, sir. We got it.”

“And just who are you?”

Brandon was three or four steps up the slope. He stuck out a beckoning hand. “C’mon doc.” Like I’m a balky puppy. The short guy was getting ready to turn away again and I asserted all the authority a county coroner has. “What happens to the body?”

This time he wasn’t deferential. He snapped back toward me and up in the trees I could see a dark shape, maybe two, step into view. The short man looked me directly in the eyes. “You can go. We got this.”

Brandon was now stepping down the slope, impatient with me. “Come on doc. We’re going. These guys are taking over. They’ll take care of it. We gotta get back.” He put his hand on my shoulder, softly, not like he would have grabbed a puppy’s scruff, but like we were having beers. “C’mon.”

The trail back up was dark.  I only slipped a couple times.

“You guys see that big black heelocopter?” Ivan asked. Brandon wouldn’t tell us nothing. Maybe he didn’t know.

It was about three weeks later I got a call from the medical examiner’s office in Spokane. “Dr. Hawthorne?”

“Yes, how can I help you?” I hadn’t requested their services for years.

“We have a body here and we need your permission to release it to the family.”

I’m clueless. “Who is it?”

“Manuel Sandoval”

“Why are you calling me? I don’t know this guy. It’s not my case.”

“Our paperwork says you are the coroner on this case, and we just need your permission to release the body.”

“So, are you sending me a death certificate; an autopsy report?”

“Uh, no. Those were sent to Washington. We just need your authorization to release the body.”

“Call Washington. I don’t know anything about this.”

“Uh, we did. They said to call you.”

“Is my name going to be on any record of this?”

There was a pause. “No sir. We just need your permission to release the body.”

Deep sigh. I thought of Ivan’s smile and his slow steady gait. How he looked the graceful scarecrow under the dark pine canopy weaving through the brush and sticks. I thought how he would laugh at this silly joke. I wanted to be sitting on his porch in the afternoon sun, telling him this story, yelling him this story, repeating myself when he said “eh?” and finally getting tired of the whole tale, realizing it’s not a short joke but a long one with nothing really to laugh at. But then we’d just sit there and look at the sun on the hills from his old farmhouse.

“You have my permission to release the body.”

No death certificate filed.

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Patrol

The wind out of the west was chill and biting on Dale’s face. He pulled the collar on his camo coat up. Patrol could be boring, but they’d gotten an alert about a grey van possibly heading their way.

Dale looked back west at the roadblock, manned by his fellow militiamen. This two-lane highway didn’t have a lot of traffic. But it headed west to a heathen state, so the Militia for the Unborn patrolled it. He was here to save lives.

He regretted missing his son’s basketball game that night. But when he’d joined the Militia, and the legislature gave them the marching orders, he knew this cause was righteous. He accepted the sacrifice. He’d known this cause was worthy all along, but now they could act.

That time they’d crossed the border and set fire to that abortion clinic had been an unofficial act. He knew they were breaking a law in that neighboring heathen state, but Dale believed there were higher laws than the laws of man. Still, when the laws of man sanctioned their actions, he did feel a warm comfort. It felt good to be in a righteous state where he could serve the unborn.

His alert gaze swept back east as he saw a grain truck approach. He radioed down to his comrades. They got up and stood by their barricades in a semblance of attention as the semi barreled past.

Nothing for a while. The property taxes coming due filtered into his mind. How was he going to pay them? Maybe sell that old snowmobile. Might get enough if Craigslist panned out.

He couldn’t get anybody to help with the plumbing business, so that money had been getting short. Doug, his old helper was doing a rider for meth, and he couldn’t get anybody to do the crawlspace work. Dale looked down at his girth and sadly smiled. That belly ain’t getting under a house. He patted it fondly. Hell, it even made kitchen sink repairs tough.

Still nothing coming.

Jenny had said she’d take the three little ones and go to Hiram’s game. He needed the support. The other parents would accept Dale’s sacrifice. Maybe not all of them. He got a sense some thought he was not doing God’s work out here on patrol. Their weakness didn’t trouble him too much.

A red sedan came into view, and he radioed to his comrades. They put up the barricade and shouldered their arms. The sedan slowed. Dale watched from the hill, ready to provide back up. He hoped to be on the barricade next tour. They were due to be relieved tomorrow by the Freedom Militia.

He watched the commander approach the driver’s side as the other two brought their weapons to ready. He couldn’t hear anything from this distance and the wind was just enough to whistle in his ears. Nobody got out. The barricades moved back with the commander’s signal, and the sedan moved on slowly. I guess no one of childbearing age was inside.

That was the protocol. Look for the women who could be bearing. They had the pee sticks in their pockets. And they had the bottled water. Sometimes it took twenty minutes for the lady to get the stick wet. Then you read the lines and make your determination. One lady tried spitting on the stick, but now we make them squat in front of the car so we can be sure.

The red sedan was going really slow, not gunning off to make up for lost time. Dale thought that odd. He stared at it too long and didn’t catch sight of the gray van until it was on the straight heading toward the roadblock. The folks from the sedan had gotten out and were going back to the trunk.

Weapons came out.

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Farce

Isn’t it just ironic that President Trump’s greatest accomplishment in his four years of Presidency was something his followers considered folly? It’s a symptom that government has become farce. Theater performs farce. Comedians convey farce. Maybe only government can deliver farce. It should not be.

Think back to when President Trump gets COVID dropped in his lap, like a baby’s diaper spill. He hadn’t drained the swamp; he hadn’t built the wall and now this “China Virus” had his shorts in a twist. Heck, he even got it. And he survived! Old obese man survives the China virus! Maybe we shouldn’t fear this bug.

But then we get Operation Warp Speed. It’s not shining light into all our orifices, it’s not drinking fish disinfectant, it’s not ivermectin for all. It’s dumping tons of money into biofirms that have been sitting on mRNA vaccine technology and getting them to ramp up. They had the capability to make vaccines quickly.

We were seeing deaths mount. Vaccines might help. Give them money to work faster.

And they did.

A vaccine went from innovation to mass production and mass delivery in a matter of months. This had never been done before. This was very new ground. All under the watch of a President whose followers hated the swamp. And huge government funding to Big Pharma is the just filling the swamp, not draining it.

We could all see his discomfort. The press conferences where he waffled, his allusion to possible other treatments. He could not pull off the farce in the face of the mounting deaths. But he tried.

Folks still today hold to the alternative reality. If only everyone had taken ivermectin for a few years, nobody would have died.

But millions did. Even with the vaccine, even with ivermectin, even with mask mandates and state mandated shutdowns. Farce is funny when we can all laugh. It’s not humorous in the funeral parlor.

There is unassailable evidence that vaccines saved lives. A study matching COVID morbidity with vaccine rates is clear. But such evidence does not make converts of the followers. They still line up to cheer for the indicted.

So, why would he agree to send all those billions to pharmaceutical companies if he didn’t believe in the immunization? Was he bought out? Did Donald get corrupted? Were his advisors pulling his strings?

In truth, we’ll never know. Maybe he’s just as dishonest as his Fox News shills.

But the truth is, we didn’t escape the virus. Over a million Americans died from COVID. Over 5000 Idahoans died from the virus. Neither the immunization nor ivermectin saved us. We all went our own way. Theater is supposed to bring us all together in the play. Farce, comedy, tragedy, we should all believe the story before us.

But, as a nation, we don’t do well when farce is the medium. The tragedy of Pearl Harbor united us. The comedy of Bill Clinton’s peccadillo amused us. But COVID was not sold to us as a tragedy. We got the message from our President it was a farce.

Farce makes fun of the prevalent truth.

Then the deaths came.

When the truth has ambiguity, farce has some leverage. Deaths are too solid.

What is truly amazing is that President Trump’s followers haven’t abandoned him for his Warp Speed action. He acknowledged the threat, he acted with decisive action that got immunizations out there for all who wanted. But his followers wanted farce, not tragic death. They didn’t believe the threat.

Now they haven’t rejected his billions to Big Pharma as a sellout. Like they don’t believe his pay off to Stormy was an illegal business deal. This guy has been making business deals to line his own pockets from adolescence. And many people still pay to see his farce. That’s the sad joke.

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Coroner Story: Alpha and Omega

                        Alpha and Omega

I stood between the woman’s legs.

She bore her strength down against

The rotund dome of the gravid belly.

The nurse looked in from the hall door.

“Can you take a call?  ER on line four.”

She will be a while yet.

The baby is fine.  Her strength is good.

I’m not needed here, as yet, or ever…

I nodded to the nurse and stepped outside,

in gown and bloody gloves, “Why me, why now?”

I ask the emergency room doctor on the phone.

“You’re still the coroner, aren’t you?  Well then, you need to know, we had a 20-year-old lady come in DOA.  Head-on car wreck, out east of town, we never got a rhythm.  No pulse.  We tried for 30 minutes.  Oh, by the way, she looks pregnant.  We don’t know who she is yet.  We don’t have a name.  We’ll let you know when we do.”

How pregnant?

Six or seven months may be.  No heart tones.

I step back into this room,

To this woman I don’t know either,

they grabbed me in the hall to deliver her child.

Her doctor was unreachable.

Her smile in the sweaty mist of her effort

Gleams from the ruddy face. 

Her welcoming generous heart is open to me, a stranger

Between her spread legs.

I have wondered if all women love everything they see at this moment,

a programmed imprintable template of acceptance.

Her work is still downward, but she does it with efficiency.

The babe moves down toward the bulging moist spreading lips.

They part as the wrinkled dome of occiput passes up

and through

and out

and onto her welcoming belly and into her grasping arms

and sobs of joy.

The baby cries, taking its breath of life.

Its first effort in this world of pain and loss and love

and a mother’s welcoming breast.

When I went down to the ER

Her body was sheeted,

The gravid belly a white dome.

Injuries consistent with motor vehicle trauma.

Two dead.

I filled out the birth certificate the next day,

The usual, with a name I didn’t know,

Though we’d shared

The moment.

The death certificates were there for me too.

Both mom and babe

Names I did not know.

The boxes now checked.

Signature.

Doing the job.

The Jobs.

Cause of Death: Trauma from Motor Vehicle Accident

Manner of Death: Accident

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Everybody Knows

When a majority can pass a law that says broad and powerful things, then ignore those noble sentiments, everybody knows the deck is stacked. That’s how it goes. Everybody knows.

Our Idaho legislature has done such. I ask you to read their noble words. Then ask yourself, was the fight fixed?

Read our laws:

It is hereby declared that the public policy of the state of Idaho, consistent with our constitutionally recognized and inalienable rights of liberty, is that every person within the state of Idaho is and shall be free to choose or decline to choose any mode of securing health care services without penalty or threat of penalty by the federal government of the United States of America. 39.9003(2)

Our majority legislature has nobly stated this freedom of healthcare. But I guess it doesn’t apply to those they don’t consider deserving. Maybe it’s just a law they and we can ignore. The poor stay poor, and the rich get rich, that’s how it goes. Everybody knows.

The trans youth or their parents, the young woman, and her pregnancy, through further laws they want to pass, cannot have these freedoms. That’s how it goes.

This law was put into our Idaho Code when Republicans were feeling assaulted by the Affordable Health Care Act, way back in 2010. They needed to defend us from the assault of federal laws, and our Idaho freedoms needed defense. They declared every person shall be free to choose or decline any mode of…health care services. But the health care service of addressing gender or pregnancy, in their eyes, should be the decision they choose, the state legislature. That’s how it goes. Everybody knows.

This law was crafted to combat the Affordable Healthcare Act. Back in 2010, when we had a black Democratic President. The ACA was an assault on our Idaho freedom. So, these noble words were adopted into our code. But maybe not taken to heart. So, it goes. Everybody knows.

Wyoming went too far. They took this American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) template too much to heart and adopted this freedom into their state constitution. Their citizens joined the anti ACA mob. The Wyoming Constitution was amended.

Idaho was less enthusiastic and only made it a law. So maybe it can be more easily ignored. Ain’t that how it goes?

This last month a judge in Wyoming cited their state Constitutional language and blocked Wyoming’s abortion ban. That’s how it goes.

But here in Idaho, we have the law on our books, designed to protect us from Obamacare, but no such constitutional mandate. The Idaho legislature has made it secure that you will be protected from any federal restriction on your healthcare choice, but not the decisions of our legislators. If this state chooses to enforce their laws on you, a health care provider, you can go to jail. That’s how it goes. Everybody knows.

This right, so nobly stated in our law: every person shall be free to choose or decline to choose any mode of securing health care services without penalty or threat of penalty…does not apply to you.

If you are a young person struggling with your gender identity.

That’s how it goes.

If you have an early pregnancy you fear, whatever your reasons, you must submit to the will of the old men and women in the Capitol.

That’s how it goes.

I watch the Idaho legislature make its statements of purpose, its “intents”, in so many bills it passes and then puts into our thick book of Idaho code and wonder, do they really mean what they say?

Healthcare freedom should be in our Constitution.

But maybe they just mean the freedom they think you should have, not the freedom you want for yourself.

Everybody knows it’s coming apart.

Take one look at this Sacred Heart

Before it blows

Everybody knows.

Thank you, Leonard Cohen

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Coroner Story: Old Men

It was pretty odd to get a convenient coroner call.  But this one came right at the end of my day in the clinic.  Sheriff’s dispatch called at 4PM requesting me to go out to a home just west of Deary.  I told them I’d finish with patients and be out there in half an hour. 

It was a warm fall day.  The sun was low in the southwest.  Some trees had changed; the fields were golden stubble or plowed.  As I drove east, I remembered another afternoon coroner call that had been convenient. 

I was finishing patients in a rural clinic, 15 miles east of town, fifteen miles short of Deary. The sheriff’s office had requested me to go to a home just four miles east of the clinic.  There I found an old man lying face down in the grass under some trees next to a car with the hood up.  Kinda weird.  But he was really old looking- late seventies- early eighties. Wrinkled and spare, like I have now become.

 It looked like a natural death. But the car hood was up and him outside and all made me a little concerned. The deputy told me what he knew. The old man lived by himself here on this property in the country. No one had seen him since this morning. His sister had come out to cook him breakfast. He had seemed fine for the eggs and potatoes. Then a neighbor had dropped by this afternoon and found him here dead in the grass.

I called his doctor. He filled in the story. The doctor had the answer.

“You don’t say.” he responded when I told him of the old man’s death. “I just saw him last week.  He’d been having chest pains, so we did a stress test, and it was strongly positive for coronary artery disease.  I presented him with the options, you know, medicine, surgery.  He said he wanted to go home and think about it.  We were supposed to meet tomorrow and make plans.  He’s widowed now, five years.  His wife died of cancer, and he’s been living on the old homestead there.  I’ll bet he just died of a sudden arrhythmia”– And that’s what it looked like to me.  He was winterizing the old sedan- checking the battery, oil, and antifreeze- sudden lightheaded feeling maybe and he collapsed on the lawn of the old homestead.

Maybe he was thinking about his options. I wondered if dropping dead in the yard was a consideration. I can imagine a lot of old guys might choose that way. But there are other choices to make.

  As I drove on east, I drove past the road up to that house; I could see the trees where the sedan had been parked with the hood up from the highway.  It looked like some young folks had moved in. There was a minivan.

The farmed hills rolled off to the south and up to the north the crests of timbered ridges rose.  Aspens here and there were yellow.  Tamarack hadn’t turned yet but bracken was a burning red.  The dust of harvest had been cleared by a recent fall storm.  The clarity of the air and the lovely, sharp yellow sunlight brought out the edges of things.  Like you could actually see the line someone had drawn.

I finally found the home of the deceased. It was off the main road. There were two sheriff’s cars in the drive. “Hello Jeff, ok if I park here?” I asked the deputy from my rolled down window.

“Why don’t you pull over here. I might have to go.”

I knew he was bluffing but pulled sideways.  There was a rutted gravel driveway up the gentle slope to an older two-story farmhouse.  It was neatly mowed, but the siding needed paint.  The porch was a bit worn leading to the front door.  A dog sat alertly on the front porch, looking at me as I parked my truck. It didn’t bark. The deputy and sheriff approached as I got out.

“What do we have?”

“Old man shot himself.”

“Who called it in?”

“The daughter.  Seems she’d been bugging him to move into town, a nursing home or someplace, and he’d been fighting it.  His wife died a few years ago.  He was born on this place. Can you believe it?  Eighty-two years old and living on the place he was born.  His daughter said she was really worried about him.  He’d been failing a lot lately.  She said she was really worried about him falling and not able to get up.  He’d also become kinda forgetful.  He would drive to town and have coffee then couldn’t find his car.  And the neighbors told her they’d seen him driving up and down the road, missing his driveway, like he was lost or something.  Anyway, finally, he agreed to go to this Assisted Living place.  She took him out there Monday and then Wednesday he said he’d move.  She was supposed to come out today- this afternoon at 4 pm and drive him into town to make the move.  But she got a sense something wasn’t ok.  He didn’t come to town for coffee this morning.  She called here at about 1 pm and he didn’t answer.  But that was pretty common she said.  He’d go for walks- or be out in the shed and just not make it back to the house to hear the phone.  She usually talked to him on the phone after dinner.  Last night she talked to him, and he seemed to be ok, she said, maybe a bit more tired she thought, but not angry, or depressed or anything.  But she said she kinda started worrying then.”

“Did he have any health problems?”

“Oh, the usual old age stuff.  He wasn’t on any medicines.  Didn’t like doctors.”  Jeff grinned at me.

“So, who found him?”

“Well, we did.  She was worried after her call, but she didn’t really want to come up and check on him. Maybe she knew. She was supposed to come up at 4:00 pm anyway, so she drove by and tried to look up here from the road.  His car was parked in the shed.  But she really was worried when she saw the dog on the porch.  The dog always stayed with him.  So, she figured he might have wandered off some place or gotten hurt or something and the dog came back here.  So, she called the sheriff’s office to come check on him.  She said she didn’t look around any or come up here from the road.”

The deputy turned and started walking toward an outbuilding 80 yards to the east.

“This is where we found him.  The dog was sitting on the porch looking this direction.  Hell, probably looking right at him.  We first looked through the house and in the car, then when we came back to the porch and the dog didn’t bark, didn’t growl or move. I sat down next to her, and she was looking over this away and there he is.  I seen the flannel shirt in the grass.”

By now we’ve gotten to the body.  He’d sat down against a cut bank that faced north.  After the shot, he’d fallen back against the bank.  The rifle was still between his knees.  His chin is split, and his face is gone, shredded.  The top of the skull gone.  The remaining skull is empty.  The blood on the bushes at the top of the bank still glistens. People don’t appreciate what a rifle does to the human skull.

“You guys clear the gun?”

“Not yet, waiting fer you.”

“Please do.”

The deputy lifts the rifle from between the old man’s arms and checks the chamber.  Lever action.  No second round in the magazine, just one 30.06 shell spent.

“Is he still warm?” I ask.

“Well, the blood and brains on that tree were still dripping when we found him.”

His boots are laced but worn.  The pants are a bit dirty and also worn and a bit big for his wizened, spare old bones.  His gnarled hands were stiff in death. Though, I imagined, they were when he last pet his dog. Old hands get stiff.

The flannel shirt seemed big for his spare frame. It was frayed at the neck and cuffs. Like it had been worn.

“Heck, he was probably sitting here when she drove by.” the deputy said.

I looked down at the deceased’s boots, then back to the house and the dog, looking back at me.

“Who knows. He may have been sitting here when you started up the drive,” I said. “Any notes in the house?”

“We didn’t look real close.”

I walk away from the body, looking up toward the house. I see the dog looking this way, though not at me as I approach.  I go up the steps, past the dog, she’s still looking east, and I go into the kitchen. 

Linoleum floor is chipped and worn.  There’s some dirt in the corners like the cleaning may have gotten to be a bit of a chore.  He may have, through failing eyesight, not seen the dirt. Or maybe his failing energy did not have the enthusiasm for careful cleaning.  Or maybe he’d seen the dirt, intended to care for it, but then became distracted and couldn’t remember the chore. There will be no answer to this line of questions.

What will the coroner find in my house, I wonder.

The house was, by in large, neat.  He had, at some point, learned the discipline of neatness.  And this stayed with him to the end it seemed.  I had seen plenty of old bachelors who didn’t have the concept, probably never learned it.  The only clear area in their hovel was where they sat or slept.   Not for this man.  Furniture arranged neatly and stuff put away mostly.  But not tidy.  Like his old bachelor ways were not up to tidy.  There were a couple dirty dishes in the sink.  The oil stove had been on. It was warm, but the day was warm enough.  The kitchen table was piled with catalogues, boxes, odds and ends.  There was a place where he could sit and eat.  Sit and sort this stuff that needed sorting.  His bed wasn’t made.  But no note that I could find. So, he was tidy, but not neat. My garage will not be judged neat, or tidy.

I come back out on the porch. The dog is still sitting, looking east. I ask the deputy. “Anything missing?”

“The daughter came up here right after we found him and went through the house.  She didn’t say she found anything. But she did take his checkbook.”

I look at the deputy.  He looks at me.

“She said she was handling all his financial stuff now and had been for a few years.  Just put some money in his checking so he could buy gas and coffee.  She said she did the grocery shopping.”

“Do you know this family?” I asked the deputy.

“Yeah, they’re ok.”

I look east to where the denim of his pants is barely visible. The dog looks too.

“Well, I guess he just didn’t want to go to the nursing home.”

“Yeah, I guess.”

The trees are still. From down below the sound of a passing car rises up to us. The dog doesn’t move.

“You suspect anything Jeff?”

“No, I think it’s just a suicide.”

Cause of Death:  gunshot wound to the head.

Manner of Death:  suicide.

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Posturing

It was always a question for me when the House would have the guts to actually kill the Medicaid budget. Every year it would sneak though by 5-10 votes. This year, they actually killed it.

Lead by their wise Speaker, Mike Moyle, just over half the House Representatives wished away health insurance for Idahoans in poverty. It’s like spanking your stepson. What is your point? Other than to demonstrate your authority, or maybe your lack of generosity, or maybe your fealty to the Freedom Foundation?

Make no mistake, Medicaid is a Federal/State health insurance program for low-income people. The trouble is, Wayne Hoffman and most Idaho Republicans think these low-income folks don’t deserve health insurance. I can just see their bluster.

“I have health insurance because I work for it!” They thump their proud, inflated chest. Yeah, you have a ¼ time, taxpayer funded job with full medical coverage, also at the taxpayer’s expense. This stepson sees some hypocrisy.

“I voted against the Medicaid budget because we must control the costs!” comes the other cry of outrage. Well, addressing that problem will take more than a simple no vote. Does the average Idaho Republican legislator know that Medicaid annually costs the taxpayer less per enrollee than their plush state health insurance benefit? Does even the best-informed Idaho Republican legislator know the main mechanism used to control Medicaid costs is to pay hospitals and doctors less? When you take your sick legislative runny nose to your doctor, the state Insurance pays that doctor about three times what the poor person’s Medicaid pays. Do you like that method of cost control? Then I can see why you might think a “no” vote would control Medicaid costs.

Controlling health insurance costs is more complicated than motivating a sullen teenage stepson. Slapping either won’t help. It takes a lot more work than that.

Make no mistake, what we are really talking about here is poverty. I can hear Wayne, and his “vote no” minions scream, “No, it’s about preserving the American Way! People should work for what they get!”

I ask you, Wayne, and House “No” voters, do you know anybody on Medicaid? Do they work? If they don’t, I’ll bet it’s because they are a child, pregnant, a young mother, or taking care of someone. All the Medicaid patients I see are working. But, unlike my three elected Representatives, Medicaid workers don’t get Blue Cross health insurance with their part-time or low pay full-time work. Not all employers are as generous as your voters are.

Don’t complain that they are wasting your taxpayer dollars with their ER visits for runny noses. Doctors’ offices refuse to see Medicaid, where the care would be a third of the cost. Medicaid patients often have the ER as their only choice for care. Doctor’s offices refuse because you, fully insured legislator, have budgeted to pay doctors at a third of the price of what your Blue Cross Special plan pays them.

So, the House finally pulled the trigger and killed the multi-billion-dollar Medicaid budget. And what fiscally responsible substitute solution did they then come up with? The new budget looks a lot cheaper for this year, but there will be a $150M supplemental next year. Kick it down the road.

Nothing wrong with a little posturing, I guess. Maybe that’s all it’s about. Stepsons know posturing when they see it.

I’m going to relent here. There is a plan in the works to study “managed care” as a plan for controlling Medicaid costs. If anybody had been paying attention, they’d have seen the weak results many other states have had with this. I give the legislature a C- for the effort. It’s a mystery to me why Medicaid gets the slapped face, when private insurance costs have beat inflation year over year. Who’s driving this bus?

It’s pretty clear the Idaho Legislature doesn’t have their hands on the wheel.

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Mountain

                        Mountain

There are times when it is very difficult to tell, even with careful investigation the manner of death.  There are only six choices: accidental, natural, homicide, suicide, pending investigation and of course, Could Not Be Determined.  Let’s see what you think of this one.

I was called by the sheriff’s office to go to a mountain area not too far from our town.  It was a warm fall Sunday afternoon.  I left Martha and the kids back at the homestead. I didn’t usually share much of these calls with them. Maybe I am now.

I got explicit instructions from the dispatch deputy because I’ve been lost looking for these sites on country roads before.  With the discovery of a dead body there were a few sheriff’s department volunteers along my route to secure the area so I just kept asking them for directions as I went along.  I wound my way up the mountain on gated logging roads.  My little two-wheel drive Toyota truck managed. The westering sun was filtering through redden bracken leaves.  The ground was dry and dusty.  It’s the time of year you feel the corner of the seasons turn.  The days are shortening perceptibly, and the nights can be quite cool.  There will even be frost.

I stopped behind the sheriff’s detectives jeep.  The back was piled high with investigative stuff, camera boxes, test kits.  There was yellow tape above the road “crime scene keep out”.  The detectives strode down the slope and met me as I turned my little truck around and headed it back down the hill.  “What have we got?”

Earl caught his breath and caught me up.  “Well, we’re not really sure.  He’s a 48-year-old guy.  Last seen five nights ago by his sister.  We think maybe a city cop saw him three nights back when he was headed up here.  He lives in town and works as a dishwasher.  She says he commonly would go to the wilderness to be close to nature.  I guess he kinda worked odd jobs and worshiped nature.  Well, a mountain biker rode by and saw him dead and called us.  We got up here about one this afternoon.  We haven’t disturbed anything.”  By now we’re all hiking up the slope, the three of us.  Earl has another deputy with him.  There’s a trail of sorts but it looks like mostly mountain bikers use it from the tracks.  Steep and clear through the brush.  There are also the deputies boot tracks in the soft dust.

“Did you guys look at the tracks when you came up?”

“Yeah, nothing new or recent that we could see.  The bikes covered even his tracks if he came up this way.  No other tracks that I could find coming or going.”  Earl was real thorough.  I’m breathing hard by the time I get to the second line of yellow crime scene tape stretched between two bushes.  I can see the body.  I stop and just look. 

It’s a nice spot. There’s a bit of an opening with tall trees around. The sun still shines off to the west and will for another few hours. Then I look at the deceased.

The skin has a taut, grey cast.  I can see his back, his knees are drawn up under a cover, the cheap sleeping bag.  The back of his head is covered with grey, brown thinning hair.  It’s longish.

“Any signs of injury?”

“Well, tell me what you think.”

We cross the yellow tape and circle the body on the soft dry earth.  The detective, the deputy and I form a rough triangle.  I watch the ground carefully as I step, the area is covered with their recent boot prints.  I gaze down on the body now.  His face is turned toward the ground, his arms pulled up across his chest.  I can see an eye socket, shrunken with flies buzzing.  The mouth not visible in this position but the cheek very shrunken.  Mostly we can just see his back, emaciated.  There are four parallel scratch marks from the left scapula toward the lower back.  Bear claw marks.  His face and forehead also have parallel scratches.

“You get ID?”

“Yeah, his clothes were piled over here.  Some had been spread around but his pants were there, folded.  And the wallet was in there.  It identified him, a couple bucks still there too.”

I studied his position.  It looked like he had laid the sleeping bag on the ground with his head uphill, now his head was downhill, and the sleeping bag folded across his bent legs.  “These are postmortem marks.”  I say.  “Looks like bear.  You guys see tracks?”

The deputy chimed in “Not when we first got here.  How can you tell these are postmortem?”

“No bleeding.  And see how the skin was rigid when it was scraped.  It didn’t slide with the claws. He was good and dead when the bear pawed him. I think he laid his head up there in the sleeping bag uphill.  Don’t you always try to put your head uphill when you’re sleeping out?  And then he died. And then the bear messed him around, a day or two after he died.  Must’ve flipped him over and downhill.  Probably got him twisted up like this in the bag so he was laying like this.  Maybe he was in the bag or just on top.  Was he in it?”

Earl offers, “I can’t tell.”

“Can we flip him over?  We gotta look for the knife in his back.”  Always trying to make light of a dead body.

“OK with me.  We’ve got a bunch of pictures of this so far.”  We glove up and roll his body to the west.  His joints are rigid in full rigor.  The face is now fully exposed.  The cheeks are very sunken as are the eye sockets.  Maggots swarm the gaping eyelids.  The mouth is open.  He is near toothless. And spawning fly larva like this place too.  They are buzzing in and out of his oval-shaped lips.  The chest also has the parallel bear claw marks.  No signs of a knife.  His legs are partway in the half-zipped cheap sleeping bag.  But he’s naked from the waist up.

“You guys find any booze or drugs?”

“No.  We found some really old beer cans about 20 yards down the hill, but no bottle or anything in his clothes.  No cigarettes or dope or anything.  No pipe or matches even.  No flashlight.  Hell, he was packing light.”

“Looks to me like he came up here to commune with nature.  He laid down to sleep and died, either of a heart attack or plain hypothermia.  It got real cold last Thursday night, our stuff in the garden got real frosted.”

“But could these maggots have hatched since then?”

“It’s been pretty warm in the daytime the last few days.  And this is a southern slope, it got real warm in the daytime. I’ll bet he came up here Wednesday or Thursday night.  It got colder than he was expecting.  I’ll bet it got down to 10° or less up here.  He probably froze to death.  Then the bear came along and moved him around.  Amazing it didn’t eat any of him.  Looks like a natural death to me.  Unless he was wanting to die.  Did his sister say he was depressed?  Was he a drinker?”

“No, she did say he’d been losing some weight.  You think you’ll do an autopsy?”

“Geez, I don’t know.  Should we spend a thousand dollars of the taxpayer’s money on this guy dead and we probably didn’t spend a dime on him alive?  Plus, the autopsy findings from hypothermia are negligible, or even a heart attack. If it was acute often there are no conclusive findings.  So, could be a thousand bucks with no answer.  That’s what I’d guess.  There’s no sign of foul play. No, I think I know how he died.  I bet he meant to come out here, get close to nature and nature was just a little colder than he expected.  Maybe not.  Who knows. Maybe he expected it to be cold and he was just testing his ability to be one with the elements. Do you guys suspect anything?  He got a record?  Has he ever been arrested?”

“No, we checked.  Some of the guys said the new him.  They seen him walking.  That one city cop said he saw him Wednesday walking north around sunset.  He had a bed roll with him.  Might a been headed up here then.  His sister said he did this a lot, to be with nature.  She said it was kinda like a religion thing for him.  She said he was overall pretty healthy, but he just didn’t quite fit in.  People always found him kinda odd.  But no, he didn’t have any legal troubles that we could find on the computer.  Less he went by a different name.”

“Well, looks like a natural or accidental death to me.  I’m gonna takeoff.  You guys done?”

“Just a few more pictures.  We’re starting to lose the light.  We called the funeral home but there was no answer.”

“Are they gonna come all the way up here?”

Earl looks up at me with a smile, “I hope so.”

I smile back, “We could put them in the back of my truck.  You got a body bag?”

“Naw Doc, we’lll just wait for the funeral home guys.  They’ll haul him down.”

I drove back down the bumpy road to our sleepy town.  The late afternoon warmth offering a suggestion of the cool night to come.

Monday, I filled out the paperwork.  This guy didn’t fit in well in life or in death. Some of us are like that.

A week later I got a call from the state Department of Vital Statistics secretary.  It’s her job to register and classify all deaths for demographic and official purposes.

“Dr. Hawthorne, you sent us a death certificate on Mr. Blank.”

“Yes, is there a problem?”

“Well, you listed the cause of death as hypothermia and the manner of death as natural.  We always put hypothermia down as an accident, therefore his manner of death should be accidental.”

“The problem is, ma’am, I’m not sure this was an accident.  It seemed to me like this guy meant to go out there, he meant to sleep in the woods on a cold night and didn’t really do a whole lot to prevent his death even though it was awfully cold.”

“Do you think it was a suicide?”  She asks me sweetly, following her prerogative.

“I have no indication he wanted to die, but neither did he do a whole lot to get himself warm.  Heck, he could have just picked up and walked back to town.  The walk would have warmed him up.  Or he could have built a fire.”

There’s a long pause on the other end of the phone and then she offers meekly, “There is also the category ‘could not be determined’”.

“So, you don’t want me to put natural.  I’d really like to call this a natural death.  I think that’s how he would’ve wanted it.”

“Well, we just don’t have hypothermia as a possibility in the natural death category.”

“Let’s leave it “Could Not Be Determined”.

I could tell she wasn’t happy with that.  They really don’t like that category.  She really wanted me to call it an accident.  I stuck by my guns.  I felt like I owed it to him.

                        Cause of Death: hypothermia

                        Manner of Death: could not be determined.

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Certificate of Death

Zoom in. It’s Fascinating.

Certificate of Death

These forms are a big deal. Just like an agenda, a doctor’s note to miss work, or a W2, they contain information that somebody, somewhere considers crucial. When I first filled them out, I was casual. I do that to make my life easier. But I quickly learned casual can lead to sloppy. And sloppy doesn’t cut it. It shouldn’t in an elected, official office. And death, the business of the coroner, is a door that has closed. It deserves one’s solemn attention. And the forms, while paper, are the record of one’s solemn service. So, I started trying to do better.

While we’re at it, let me tell you about sloppy. You need to understand that the vast majority of deaths in any jurisdiction are not “coroner deaths”. That is, they are certified by their attending physician. I certified deaths as a doctor, and also as a coroner. And I got to know the line between the two very clearly. Sometimes I used it to my advantage. I considered that I was using it to the taxpayers advantage, but I’ll let you be the judge of that.

Let’s say I get a call from a sheriff’s patrolman out in the county. He tells me he’s in an old lady’s home and her kids had called because she wasn’t picking up. So they knocked, she didn’t answer, and they found her dead in her bed. She’s old. Like 90. But living on her own, doing her dishes, and they call me as the coroner to see if I want to go investigate. I ask if there’s any signs of struggle, break-in and they say no. I tell them to go to her medicine chest. Read me her pill bottles. I recognize the meds, nothing worrisome, no narcotics or benzos. “Who is the prescribing doc?” I ask.

They give me the name. I call the doc. They talk to me. “Mrs. Dead has died peacefully. Can you certify her cause of death?”

“Well, she did have high blood pressure, and I was thinking she needed an EKG.”

“When did you last see her?”

Pause. “It looks like it was about two months ago. Though she really wasn’t complaining of anything new.”

“So you can certify her death?”

And her is where the rubber meets the road. Do they want to make their best guess, or do they want me, the coroner, to make my best guess? Most primary care doctors agreed to certify the cause of death. And so, I had to do less work.

But here’s the sloppy, scary side of that scenario. My sister died too young of breast cancer. Her widower needed her death certificate for insurance and legal reasons. When he got it, the cause of death was listed as “lung cancer” and due to her smoking. My former brother in law went ballistic, as he should have. “She never smoked a cigarette in her life!” It turned out, my sister’s oncologist was out on vacation and his partner had filled out the form and read the details from the wrong chart. So this vital form, with vital statistics, is completed by us fallible humans, doctors, coroners, idiots.

I was impressed with the significance of these forms when I stopped by the Idaho Department of Vital Statistics in our state capital.  I was now an elected State Senator. I was no longer a county coroner, though they still knew me from our many polite and instructive phone conversations. On a slow afternoon in our capital, I stopped by the Vital Statistics Office. I asked for a blank form, to help me with these stories. They frowned. I smiled and casually explained my need. The receptionist went back to the business area and a more official lady came forward. She explained they didn’t usually “give out” blank forms. Each was numbered and catalogued. My request was unusual. They would have to catalogue a voided form. But she smiled, remembering my many and painful conversations with their office and handed me a blank form. Back in those days we still lived in a small state where somebody 300 miles away struck a bell.

Let us examine this form.

I draw your attention to the numbered fields, 1-45. I rarely dealt with 1-18, though #18 says: “Was the coroner contacted…?” More on this later. These first fields were usually filled out by the funeral home in nice, typed font. Who has a typewriter these days?

These fields connect the decedent to their birth. Genealogy freaks love these fields. Mother’s maiden name, birthplace and all build the family trees. But I didn’t pay much attention up here.

Fields 19-22 have to do with the place and time of death. Usually these were filled out too. Only rarely did I get to assert my authority in this section.

There was a time once.

A young man, beloved and well known in our community disappeared. It was back when being gay was just coming out. But he was openly. And then he was gone. I was not involved at all in the investigations around his disappearance. But after a couple years, the prosecutor asked me to file a death certificate. I refused. “Show me a body.”

Then about five years later they came to me with a jawbone, found in the eastern, wild and remote county. A forensic dentist had confirmed the identity.

So, I filed a death certificate. I could not imagine a person escaping a town, a relationship, debts, or harassment and then rebuilding their life without their jawbone. I had to address lots of blank fields.

#14 Method of Disposition: OTHER

#21 City Town or Location of Death: UNKNOWN

#23 Date of Death: UNKNOWN

And then I had to put all the unknowns down in the fields I was familiar with.

#27 is the big one: Cause of Death.

I like the way this cell is structured. The top line is the IMMEDIATE cause of death. Say a guy dies in a nursing home after his stroke, probably from pneumonia. So that’s the top, “pneumonia”.

But then they let you say “due to or as a consequence of”…

So, let’s say he had a stroke and he aspirated. So, on the second line you can say “aspiration”, then on the third line, “stroke”.

Or, if you want to save ink, you could have written on the first line “aspiration pneumonia” and then the second line “stroke”. In any event, you are letting the record keepers know you are aware of the sequence and letting them know too.

I had a guy who died like this in a nursing home. I called it aspiration pneumonia, due to his paralysis from a car wreck. That one got me a call from the capital.

“Dr. Hawthorne, you have listed the deceased as dying from pneumonia due to a car accident.”

“Yes”

“But you have stated his manner of death was natural.”

Cell # 31 is crucial: Manner of death. There are only six choices. No room for creativity, just six choices and you gotta check one box. And the box you check needs to make sense in #27 “cause of death”. I hadn’t known just how related these two issues were.

“A car accident causing this man’s death is not natural.”

She was right. But I countered. “Paralyzed people aspirate all the time and get pneumonia. Isn’t that a natural occurrence?”

She was patient and kind, teaching me on the phone. “The original cause or occurrence defines the manner of death. Since this man was paralyzed from a car accident, his manner of death would be accidental, not natural.”

I considered her logic. “But if he was paralyzed from a stroke, then it would be natural?”

“Yes”

I got a lot of calls from our state capital early on.

So, let’s look at the six “Manner of Death” choices:

Natural

Accident

Suicide

Homicide

Pending Investigation

Could not be Determined

I was always bothered there wasn’t one to check for “Stupidity” or “Stubbornness” or “Weakness”. Maybe these all fit into “Natural”.

But if the dead guy was addicted to narcotics and overdosed, was it an accident? Or did he want to die, then it would be suicide? That was my job. Figuring our why these people died.

I once got crosswise with a local judge when testifying about a death. I had checked the Manner of Death box “Homicide”. The prosecutor was entering the death certificate as evidence, and I was on the witness stand. The judge glanced at the form before allowing it to be admitted. “You can’t make that conclusion!” he glared at me. “That is for this court to decide.” I looked at him and shrugged. Checking that box was my job.

The many years of death investigations and checking boxes made me think of the stories of these deaths. Stories aren’t spreadsheets. The stories are true. And they burdened me.

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Getting Started

First Days

I hadn’t really wanted to be the coroner. I was appointed to my first service when the elected coroner left town. Then, maybe there was some intent behind this circumstance, since I have found that life can be like that; where we end up can be where we were meant to be.

When I was a junior in high school I was nominated and went to the Boys State Convention in our state’s sweltering capital city for a week in the summer. I was told it was an honor and I should go, since it would look good on my college application. I was told it was run by the American Legion and I would learn about government. So, I agreed to spend a hot week in June in Sacramento. This was in the late 1960s. All I knew about the American Legion at that time was that they sponsored the Fourth of July fireworks. Boys State was an eye-opener. I was assigned to one of the two parties (Whigs and Tories) and to one of the 48 counties (Harney, not my home county) in our state. We were supposed to run for offices, campaign, make deals, get elected to the highest office we could strive for. It seemed everybody wanted to be governor. I thought it seemed so silly, so arbitrary, and so chauvinistic, given the turmoil of our time. I opted out. I saw the position of Boys State governor as a mockery, so I ran for County coroner. I ran unopposed and won. Nobody seemed to get the joke. But I have learned that my sense of satire may be more about me than about the world around me. And I learned that playing at government may seem silly. In the actual capacity of an elected official, I have to keep reminding myself that this is serious.

When I came to this town I call home, just out of residency I had a patient die unexpectedly just a month after meeting her. Before her death, the family had brought this nice 80-year-old woman in to see me so she could get admitted to the nursing home. I assume I had an opening in my schedule, since I did not know the family or the patient; such is the lot of the new guy. She was getting forgetful and more frail it seemed, and she and her family agreed she could be best cared for “in a home”. She had been living by herself in the rural county and the burden, the risks had become more than all could bear. I sensed a dignity in this old woman’s agreement to her family’s wishes. The nursing home required that all residents have an attending physician. And this woman did not have an established doctor, so I was it. She took no medicines and had been in very good health for many years, so no need for the continuity of a doctor’s care, until now. I did my physical exam, interviewed her, and declared her fit to be in the nursing home. I signed the forms. It seemed like I was fulfilling a bureaucratic requirement rather than true health needs and such a function offended me a little. I imagine it probably offended her too, but we both held to our parts in this dance. Still, I was glad to meet this independent and noble, but frail and now failing woman. I did not know what help I could be to her.

A month later I visited her in the home. She was well; she remembered me and seemed fit but a bit more vacant than in our office encounter. Then a week later the nurses from the home called me at 8:30 in the morning to tell me she had quietly died at the breakfast table. I had no idea why. Neither did they. She was in her 80’s. She had no history of heart problems, no surgeries, no premonitory symptoms the nurses could tell me about. It seemed a pretty peaceful event, one I could wish for in my passing.

A few days later a form appears on my desk I had never seen before: a death certificate. Lots of boxes and most had already been filled out. But there was a little red ink dot by “cause of death” and another where I should sign as the attending and certifying physician. I asked my nurse what this was all about. She had no idea. Where had this come from? She said a receptionist had brought it back and left it there for me. I found the receptionist. She pointed to a sober appearing gentleman sitting in the lobby. He wore a jacket and tie. I went out to him and introduced myself. He was from the funeral home.

“I’m sorry, but I don’t really know why she died.”

“So, you can’t certify her death?”

“I’m not sure what that means.”

“Well, usually the attending physician fills these out when it’s a natural death and attended.”

“What’s that mean, “attended”?”

“Well, it means you had been seeing her in her recent illness.”

“Yes, I saw her last week, but I didn’t think she was ill. She was old.”

“Oh.”

“Could we do an autopsy?”

He winced. “Would you like me to refer this to the coroner? Or maybe you could just call Dr. Sweetbine.”

“Why don’t I do that.”

Andrew Sweetbine was a young surgeon, new to town like me. He had been elected to the office right after I came to town, replacing the senior surgeon whom he had joined in practice. I liked him and was comfortable talking with him. I called and explained my dilemma.

“Sid”, he offered, “usually the attending fills these out. It’s not really a coroner’s case. And I can’t see spending a thousand dollars of the taxpayer’s money on this one. That’s what an autopsy runs these days.”

“Well, could I order an autopsy?”

“Yes, you could, but Medicare won’t pay for it, and the family doesn’t usually like to pay that bill either so usually that isn’t done.”

“So, you’re saying I should just make a good guess.”

In my mind I am running through all the causes of sudden death I had learned in medical school and how many may have no clear findings on autopsy such as cardiac arrhythmias, or hyper-acute myocardial infarctions.

“That would be just fine.” Dr. Sweetbine was easing me into the arbitrary job of officiating as a practicing physician.

“Can I say, ‘age related causes’?”

“You could but I think the state will send it back to you. They have to have a code for the cause of death and that doesn’t fit their codes.”

“So, I should say heart attack or myocardial infarction.”

“Or you could do fatal arrhythmia or stroke.”

“I don’t think she had a stroke.”

“Well, I’ll leave it up to you.”

                                                Cause of Death:  Myocardial Infarction

                                                Manner of Death: Natural

Later in the halls of the hospital I asked Andy about his role as coroner. He explained that all the doctors in town had taken turns in the role. Three of my partners had been through it. Andy had taken the job after his elder surgeon partner had done his turn. True, he had to stand for election, but he noted, if you ran as an independent the parties left you alone. And if you put “MD” behind your name on the ballot you always won. “People think you need to be a doctor to be the coroner,” he added.

“You don’t?”

“No, most of the coroners in this state are funeral home directors. This county is the only one with a doctor as coroner. But it does give me the power to arrest the sheriff if the need arises.” He grinned. “If that happens, then I become the sheriff; chain of command thing.”

“Geez Andy,” I shook my head. “Hey, I’ve got this book you might find interesting, I found it at a used medical book sale: Death Investigation. It’s real short, kind of a handbook.”

“Sure, let me look at it.”

So, a year later, when Andy’s marriage broke up and he decided to move back to Colorado he calls me and asks if I’ll take over as coroner. “You are the new guy in town and honestly Sid; you are the only one who has ever shown any interest in the job. Besides, you have that handbook. You’re all set.”

After he explained the job some more, I reluctantly agreed to take the position. I was appointed in a brief ceremony by the county commissioners. Then, I started learning my new job quickly.

In my first years in this town, I maintained a few habits I had started in residency. I rode my bike to work unless there was snow or I knew I had to go out of town, and I wore Hawaiian shirts on Fridays. This fall morning was brisk and a bit frosty and sure enough, a storm blew in from the northwest so that by mid-morning we had a chill driving rain. About 11AM my nurse knocks on the exam room door and interrupts me with a patient. Her face was sober. “City police on line three, they want to talk to you.”

The city police dispatcher tells me I am needed at a death scene as the coroner. She has to repeat the directions three times because I’m reeling. It’s happening, a coroner call: a dead man in a trailer. I figure out it’s only a few blocks from the office. I say I’ll go right away. I finish with the patient and go to the old Schwinn one-speed.

I pedal the three blocks into the wind and rain in my flapping floral shirt. The yellow crime scene tape and patrol cars are before the little rusty trailer up on blocks in the side yard of a cement plant. As I pedal up, missing the puddles, two uniforms come out of the shelter of the office and look puzzled.

“Hello, I’m Dr. Hawthorne, the coroner.” They are relieved. But I still am not sure what I’m supposed to do in this role. I wait. We go back under shelter, and they start telling me the story.

Man is found face down in his trailer this morning by his brother. He was supposed to be at work but didn’t show, so brother came looking. There’s blood on the carpet, looks like coming from his head. Brother has told of an argument last night at a bar between the deceased and an ex-boyfriend of a woman. It seems they got in a fight, but the deceased thought he’d won, the brother told. Now he’s dead this morning. They explain they have not moved the body or ID’d it, waiting for me, the coroner. I appreciated in this telling that they thought I had a role, though what it was would be news to me. I also appreciated that they might not know how little I knew about my role. But it sounded like they had completed their job and were waiting for me. So, I said, “Let’s go in.”

We cross the stormy puddled drive to the decrepit 16-foot travel trailer. A sideways cinder block was the step. They got out their flashlights and opened the door, no power in the former recreational vehicle. With the door open, the gray light came in from a small window on the far side, but I could see no immediate horrors. The senior uniform (detective?) leaned in to me in the wind and sprinkles. “It’s tight in there doc, why don’t you go in first. You’ll see him in the narrow hallway head down toward you. Be careful about the blood on your shoes. Here, take my light.” He hands me the heavy black cylinder. It felt like a weapon.

I step up on the block and up into the trailer. I could feel it shift a bit with my weight. There he was; a window at the very back of the trailer cast its gray glare into the darkness across the naked back of the man, his rumpled dirty levis covered twisted legs farther back, he is barefoot. The sleeping area is in the back, under the window, a crumpled sleeping bag lit by the gray glare. My eyes took a while to adjust; the flashlight seemed to offer no help, its beam a dull yellow, the window so bright in the gloom. There were full ashtrays on the counter and little table, a few empty beer bottles and muddy work boots by the door here.  I looked down to check my shoes and could see my toe had touched the pool of dark brown goo that his head was face down in.  The small space is stifling in the thickness of odors, but not hot, more like a moldy basement full of boxes of old books you should have thrown out. I was not then familiar with the smell of the recently dead.

The detective followed me in, and the trailer shifted again. The other officer stayed out in the storm. He had a zipped-up jacket. “So, we think he was sleeping and got roused. He put his pants on but no shirt and came toward the door.” He’s telling me things while I am still looking over the scene. “Here in this little aisle he met his assailant, either after opening the door or the assailant forced it. It’s a pretty weak door, but he did have this bolt.” He shows the little cylinder bolt, intact.

We are standing very close, and I am getting a sense of how the body lies. He’s face down, his body turned to the right a bit against the little settee. The detective continued. “We think he confronted his assailant here and was struck, stabbed or shot, a mortal wound dropped him quickly to fall like that. I don’t think he moved after he fell. No exit wound.”

I offer my expertise. “Yeah, that’s a problem.; maybe a blunt blow. Can we turn him over?”

“We’ve got all our pictures.”

The detective steps over the body into the narrow aisle. First, he pulls the wallet, thick lump in the right back pocket and checks the ID. “Yup, that’s him.” He sets it aside then grasps the belt at the back of the pants to roll him. But the belt is not clasped and starts to pull up. And the rigor that has set in makes him stiff, not like the flopping bodies you see on TV. It’s like trying to roll a snag on top in a brush pile. But his face comes up off the floor as the detective holds him there and I squat down. The congealed blood covers the face, but I can see the left eye is bulging large and there is a long straight cut below the eye on the left cheek.

“Could have been hit, I guess.” I’m relying on my ER experiences with wounds that need cleaning and stitching, but I’ve never been here before. I start casting wide. “Could have been a stroke or aneurysm,” I offer. I don’t want this to be a homicide, a rare occurrence in our small town. I immediately sense the silliness of the suggestion, but the detective is patient. He does not scoff, though he should have. He gets him rolled up and stable then I step out, still feeling silly while they take more pictures.

“So, what do I do now?” No sense bluffing.

“Well, we need to know exactly how and when he died, so Doc, you gotta arrange an autopsy.”

“How do I do that?”

He smiles. “Usually, the other coroners made phone calls and just got it done.”

“OK, I’ll get on the phone.”

“Great, we’ll call the funeral home, and they’ll move the body.”

I pedaled back to the Friday afternoon clinic, missed lunch, made some phone calls and saw my scheduled afternoon patients.  There is no Yellow Pages listing for “Autopsy Services”. And this was pre internet/ YouTube. I called the local pathologist, but he was already gone for the weekend, and I remembered Andy had told me he didn’t like doing any cases that might require courtroom testimony. I need a forensic pathologist. I call the nearest town with a pathology group, three guys I’ve never met and get the guy on call on the phone. I introduce myself as the coroner and explain what I need. He cuts me off. “You are a doctor from Moscow?”

“Yes, but I am calling you as the coroner.”

“I don’t talk to doctors from Moscow.” He slams down the receiver. Years or months later I learned what slight he had suffered, but at the time I felt like a junior high kid in the lunchroom denied a seat at the table of jocks and cheerleaders.

The pathologist 90 miles north is also gone for the weekend, so nothing could be done before Monday. And probably not even until Tuesday. This is Labor Day weekend. The detective said they wanted this done right away to charge the suspect, today preferred, maybe tomorrow, so I got back on the phone.

I think west for the bigger cities and a pathologist there agrees to do it, but it means getting the body 350 miles and back. Then I think of the state east, just 150 miles away. By now it’s 5:30PM and their time zone will put it an hour later. I call the ER of a big hospital and explain what I need to the charge nurse. I had learned in residency that charge nurses know everything. She gives me a number and I get a guy on the phone. I tell him the story. He listened attentively and even offered, “Sounds like a small caliber to the face.”

“Can you do this for me tomorrow morning?”

“Well, sure, if it’s OK with my boss. I work for our State Attorney General. Have your prosecutor call your State AG and have him call my AG and we’ll get him done. Can you get him here by morning? It might be snowing on the pass.”

I make the calls; the prosecutor, the city police, the funeral home and we get it lined up to drive the body over the pass in the morning. The detective goes too. The friendly pathologist calls me Saturday afternoon to tell me it was a .22 caliber in the base of the skull, entry through the left eye socket, the cut below the eye another grazing bullet wound. “It would have dropped him fast, like you suggested.”

By Sunday the assailant had confessed. And I was starting to learn this job.

Cause of Death: gunshot wound to the head

Manner of Death: homicide

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